Morals and Ethics of Cloning :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Morals and Ethics of Cloning Cloning is the process of taking cells from a donor, placing them in a culture dish where the nutrients are minimal, so the cells stop dividing and switch their active genes. The cells are then put next to an unfertilized glob. The core is sucked out of the egg leaving an empty egg cell containing all the cellular machinery necessary to produce an embryo. An electric shock is used to fuse the egg and cell together. A second shock is then used to mimic the act of fertilization and help begin cell division. After the egg has successfully moved to the stage of an embryo it is then placed in to the uterus of a surrogate mother. When born, all the genes are the same as the donor of the cell. In 1997 Dr. Ian Wilmut, a British scientist successfully cloned a sheep named Dolly. This turned the scientific world upside-down. The success of the experiment is considered by all as an amazing achievement in science. However, ethics and morals must surface to regulate cloning. It is understood that individuality is the most important part of life. Individuality is given to a person at birth and considered a right they give have for rest of their life. There is excessively a fear that the clone may only be produced to sound the life of the clone, thus causing severe emotional damage as well pain and suffering for the clone. The progression of the clone may be limited, the mount in idea development will slowly die off. Evolution could come to a halt, because with clones, diversity will be limited and there will not be as many advances in society. The cells, in all humans, will all be the same and there will not be a process of natural selection and diversity. Another controversial question facing the cloning process is How will the clones be treated? The emotions of the clones need to be taken in to consideration, after all they are humans too. What is common to these various views, however, is a shared understanding that creation a person is different from being the manipulated object of other peoples desires and expectations(Biomedical Ethics). People, as clones, will be studied, prodded, and poked which in turn will cause much unwanted anxiety and emotional distress. There will also be problems with relationships between parents and the clone for understandable reasons.

The Republican Party Essay -- American Government, Politics

This research paper aims to expose the Republican Partys transition from having a pro-minority reputation to currently having a reputation of being against racial minorities. In order to properly investigate this contrast, the emergence of the Republican Party and how it gained a negative reputation towards minorities leave behind be researched. This paper utilizes statistics on racial minority deem of the Republican Party and voting patterns, scholarly contributions that explain the agenda of the publican Party, and historical evidence documenting the emergence of the Republican Party. This information will be used to convince readers that the Republican Party is not aligned with its current reputation of having prejudice towards racial minorities and will instead prove that it obtains ideals that greatly benefit minorities.Introduction1854 marked the beginning of an age where the Republican Party would soon play a major role in freeing slaves in America due to the Emancipation Pr oclamation of 1863. 1964 marked a time in which the Republican Party failed to support civil rights through not public whollyy supporting the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Americas most recent 2008 presidential election marked a time in which the Republican Party fought to gain the support of various racial minority groups but failed due to Barack Obamas strong proposals aimed towards the desires of the working class and racial minority groups. How did the Republican Partys reputation transition from being anti-slavery to deter civil rights? How can the Republican Party continue to fail in gaining the trust of minorities though its foundational ideals greatly benefit racial minority groups? These atomic number 18 all questions that will be answered in this researc... ...that do not visibly favor the requests of racial minorities. He asserts that parties need to instead focus on the foundations of democracy in order to better relate to minorities to subsequently create authentic appea l (327-9). Cox (1997) agrees and seeks to persuade Americans that the electoral process is flawed in the sense that votes are not truly providing Americans with the ability to see positive and sustainable change. In order to make votes count, racial minorities need to present debate topics and pressure parties to echo the desires of the majority so that when a politician is running for office they can clearly indicate the desired changes proposed (272-5). These scholars affirm that the Republican Partys inability to bring sustainable change to racial minorities through proper representation prolongs the reputation of being racially prejudiced.

Light and Darkness in Antigone and the Gospel of John of the Holy Bible

unaccented and Darkness Found in Antigone and the Gospel of hind end      As a child, my world was enraptured by the marvellous Fisher-Price toyknown as the Lite-Brite.  By inserting multicolored little pegs into theircorresponding slots on a detail guide, I could trans institute drab, dull, and darkpieces of paper into extraordinary works of brilliant art.  The visible radiation that modify andtransformed the plastic pegs closely parallel concepts of light and darknessfound within the Gospel of John and in Sophocles drama Antigone.  The Gospel ofJohn focuses on the profound meaning of the life of Jesus, whom he saw as themanifestation of Gods Word (logos).  Teiresias, of Sophocles play Antigone, isa screen door prophet whose lack of vision does non prevent him from recognizing the justice.  The words of John and the characterization of Sophocles, althoughsimilar in many aspects, differ in the extent to which their concepts of lightan d darkness affect humanity.  Sophocles light, in the form of Teiresias,allows truth to permeate throughout ones lifetime.  Johns light, as themanifesta tion ofthe logos, presents truth and enlightenment to humanity, butalso ensures a glorified and gleeful afterlife through Christs salvation.         Teiresias, the voice of percentage and harbinger of truth in Sophocles playAntigone, humbly enters the drama by addressing the malevolent Creon and statingthat he must liberty chit by anothers steps and see with anothers eyeball (Antigone,102).  The wise prophet was metaphorically declaring that he delivered themessage of a higher truth.  This truth represented as Natural Law. Teiresias cognizanthis m... ...light, entirely the Gospel of John carries the cabalistic to eternal salvation.   In a way similar to a child playing with a Lite-Brite, the Gospel of John and Sophocles character Teiresias allow rainbows oflight to exist in a world devoid of color.  While both allow the existence of aform of the truth, it is only the Gospel of John that provides a detailed guidethat will allow a person to square off order in their truth.  Through such truth andenlightenment, an abstract world of chaos and ignorance hindquarters be engulfed by aworld full of order and wisdom.   Realms of beauty and glory can manifestthemselves to individuals who let in the truth and the essence of light as amessage from a higher existence.  Great joy and pleasure shall come to the child who can find beauty and order in a bleak world full of ignorance and emptiness. Light and Darkness in Antigone and the Gospel of John of the Holy Bible Light and Darkness Found in Antigone and the Gospel of John      As a child, my world was enraptured by the wonderful Fisher-Price toyknown as the Lite-Brite.  By inserting multicolored little pegs into theircorresponding slots on a detail ed guide, I could transform drab, dull, and darkpieces of paper into wondrous works of brilliant art.  The light that filled andtransformed the plastic pegs closely parallel concepts of light and darknessfound within the Gospel of John and in Sophocles drama Antigone.  The Gospel ofJohn focuses on the profound meaning of the life of Jesus, whom he saw as themanifestation of Gods Word (logos).  Teiresias, of Sophocles play Antigone, isa blind prophet whose lack of vision does not prevent him from recognizing thetruth.  The words of John and the characterization of Sophocles, althoughsimilar in many aspects, differ in the extent to which their concepts of lightand darkness affect humanity.  Sophocles light, in the form of Teiresias,allows truth to permeate throughout ones lifetime.  Johns light, as themanifesta tion ofthe logos, presents truth and enlightenment to humanity, butalso ensures a glorified and joyous afterlife through Christs salvation.  &nb sp      Teiresias, the voice of fate and harbinger of truth in Sophocles playAntigone, humbly enters the drama by addressing the malevolent Creon and statingthat he must walk by anothers steps and see with anothers eyes (Antigone,102).  The wise prophet was metaphorically declaring that he delivered themessage of a higher truth.  This truth existed as Natural Law. Teiresias advisedhis m... ...light, only the Gospel of John carries thesecret to eternal salvation.   In a way similar to a child playing with a Lite-Brite, the Gospel of John and Sophocles character Teiresias allow rainbows oflight to exist in a world devoid of color.  While both allow the existence of aform of the truth, it is only the Gospel of John that provides a detailed guidethat will allow a person to find order in their truth.  Through such truth andenlightenment, an abstract world of chaos and ignorance can be engulfed by aworld full of order and wisdom.   Real ms of beauty and glory can manifestthemselves to individuals who accept the truth and the essence of light as amessage from a higher existence.  Great joy and pleasure shall come to the child who can find beauty and order in a bleak world full of ignorance and emptiness.

Pigments Essay examples -- History, Prehistoric Painters

Pigments From prehistoric times, humans had discovered that pigments could be used to colour a come out of the closet and they have left their mark on their environment in the form of painted images 7. Prehistoric painters used the pigments available in the vicinity of their homes. These pigments were the so-called ball pigments, soot from burning animal fat and charcoal from the fire. The colours available were yellow ochre, red ochre, and black 7, but with time, more colours were being discovered. In general, pigments are coloured material which is insoluble in a medium where they are incorporated 8. Pigments will tend to absorb certain wavelength of light and radiate the others 9. Wavelength reflected will represent the colour of the pigment. Dyes are coloured material which will dissolve in the medium and lose their crystal or particulate organize during the process 9.Pigments can be classified into synthetic pigments and natural pigments 8. The examples of natural pigments f ounded in animals and vegetables are carotenoids, chlorophyll, melanins, flavins, quinones, and anthocyanins 5, 6, 10. In the industry, pigments are widely used as coloring material agents in dyeing of cottons, silks and wool sample 11.2.1.1Synthetic PigmentsThe first chemically synthesised pigments were made in Germany in 1704 by Diesbach who manufactured red lake pigments using caustic potash and alkali as substrate 7. Synthetic pigments can be divided into inorganic and organic pigments. Synthetic inorganic pigments usually composed by admixture oxide or compound which from by the host of metal oxides. Moreover, the inorganic pigments possess thermal and chemical stabilities at high temperature. Most of the inorganic pigments are derived from cyanogenic meta... ...-degradable. The increase of the packaging wastes caused serious global environmental problem 36. Therefore, the development of perishable packaging materials from renewable natural resources has received widespre ad government reinforcing stimulus in EU countries and many national or international organisations 35.The term biodegradable materials is used to describe those materials which can be degraded by the enzymatic action of living organisms, such as bacteria, yeasts, fungi and the ultimate end-products of the degradation process 37. Biodegradable packaging materials may be broadly classified into biodegradable polymers and biopolymers based on whether the dominating ingredient is synthetic oil-based polymer or a biologically derived polymer. Biopolymers are naturally occurring long-chain molecules such as cellulose, polysaccharides, proteins and DNA 35.

Sonnet Analysis - Fair Is My Love, by Edmund Spenser Essay -- Sonnet e

This praise is an anti- screw poem that ironically shows how the fairness of a lady is point upon natures blessings and her external manifestations. The Spenserian style brings unity to this sonnet, in that its theme and rhyme is distort throughout, hardly the focus of her fairness is divided into an octave and a sestet. The early eight lines praise her physical features (hair, cheeks, smile), go the last six lines praise her inhering features (words, spirit, heart). This sonnet intentionally hides the speakers ridicule behind counterfeit love-language, exploitation vocalises like fair halcyon hairs (line 1), and rose in her red cheeks (line 3), and her eyes the fire of love does spark (line 4). This traditional love language fills pages of literature and song, and has conventionally been used to praise the attributes of a lover but this sonnet betrays such language by exhibiting a critique rather than commendation. This sonnet appears to praise the beauty of a lady but ir onically ridicules her by declaring that her fairness is contingent upon nature, physical features, and displaying a gentle spirit, which hides her pride. The first line begins Fair is my love, when (line 1), and its an idea that is shown five times in the sonnet (see lines 1,3,5,7,9). At first glance, many readers will find this phrase to be quite endearing, but the speakers actual intent is to prove over and over again that her fairness is contingent when certain events happen. For example, she is fair when her fair golden hairs. . . are waiving (lines 1-2) and when the rose in her red cheeks appears (line 3) and when her eyes the fire of love does spark (line 4). The poet is very precise in using the condition fair which ... ...eems more astonishing. This sonnet mocks this woman by pretending to praise her, all the while proving that her fairness is contingent upon certain external manifestations. The accompaniment that the beloved has a gentle faggot does not matter much because she is prideful. The subtle language of the sonnet hides the speakers ridicule, just as her smile hides her pride. The author uses economic, oceanic, and naval imagery to show how her fairness is solely revealed through temporal circumstances, and never makes mention that she is fair alone. The ridiculing nature of this sonnet is greatly revealed through the repeated term Fair, when, and through the central phrase that her mist of pride, which oft doth dark (line 7). Work Cited Fair Is My Love, by Edmund Spenser http//www.bartleby.com/331/122.html sonnet Analysis - Fair Is My Love, by Edmund Spenser Essay -- Sonnet eThis sonnet is an anti-love poem that ironically shows how the fairness of a lady is contingent upon natures blessings and her external manifestations. The Spenserian style brings unity to this sonnet, in that its theme and rhyme is interwoven throughout, but the focus of her fairness is divided into an octave and a sestet. The first eight lines praise her physical features (hair, cheeks, smile), while the last six lines praise her internal features (words, spirit, heart). This sonnet intentionally hides the speakers ridicule behind counterfeit love-language, using phrases like fair golden hairs (line 1), and rose in her red cheeks (line 3), and her eyes the fire of love does spark (line 4). This traditional love language fills pages of literature and song, and has conventionally been used to praise the attributes of a lover but this sonnet betrays such language by exhibiting a critique rather than commendation. This sonnet appears to praise the beauty of a lady but ironically ridicules her by declaring that her fairness is contingent upon nature, physical features, and displaying a gentle spirit, which hides her pride. The first line begins Fair is my love, when (line 1), and its an idea that is shown five times in the sonnet (see lines 1,3,5,7,9). At first glance, many readers will find this phrase to be quite endearing, but the speakers actual intent is to prove over and over again that her fairness is contingent when certain events happen. For example, she is fair when her fair golden hairs. . . are waiving (lines 1-2) and when the rose in her red cheeks appears (line 3) and when her eyes the fire of love does spark (line 4). The poet is very precise in using the term fair which ... ...eems more astonishing. This sonnet mocks this woman by pretending to praise her, all the while proving that her fairness is contingent upon certain external manifestations. The fact that the beloved has a gentle sprite does not matter much because she is prideful. The subtle language of the sonnet hides the speakers ridicule, just as her smile hides her pride. The author uses economic, oceanic, and nautical imagery to show how her fairness is merely revealed through temporal circumstances, and never makes mention that she is fair alone. The ridiculing nature o f this sonnet is greatly revealed through the repeated term Fair, when, and through the central phrase that her cloud of pride, which oft doth dark (line 7). Work Cited Fair Is My Love, by Edmund Spenser http//www.bartleby.com/331/122.html

Sonnet Analysis - Fair Is My Love, by Edmund Spenser Essay -- Sonnet e

This sonnet is an anti- bask poem that ironically shows how the fairness of a lady is contingent upon natures blessings and her external manifestations. The Spenserian style brings unity to this sonnet, in that its theme and rhyme is twine throughout, but the focus of her fairness is divided into an octave and a sestet. The first eight lines praise her physical features (hair, cheeks, smile), while the last six lines praise her indwelling features (words, spirit, heart). This sonnet intentionally hides the speakers ridicule fanny counterfeit love- verbiage, using vocabularys like fair specious hairs (line 1), and rose in her red cheeks (line 3), and her look the fire of love does spark (line 4). This traditional love language fills pages of literature and song, and has conventionally been used to praise the attributes of a lover but this sonnet betrays such language by exhibiting a critique rather than commendation. This sonnet appears to praise the beauty of a lady but ironic ally ridicules her by declaring that her fairness is contingent upon nature, physical features, and displaying a gentle spirit, which hides her pride. The first line begins decorous is my love, when (line 1), and its an idea that is shown five times in the sonnet (see lines 1,3,5,7,9). At first glance, many readers will find this phrase to be quite endearing, but the speakers positive intent is to prove over and over again that her fairness is contingent when certain events happen. For example, she is fair when her fair golden hairs. . . are waiving (lines 1-2) and when the rose in her red cheeks appears (line 3) and when her eyes the fire of love does spark (line 4). The poet is very precise in using the term fair which ... ...eems more astonishing. This sonnet mocks this woman by pretending to praise her, all the while proving that her fairness is contingent upon certain external manifestations. The fact that the beloved has a gentle fairy does not matter much because she i s prideful. The keen language of the sonnet hides the speakers ridicule, just as her smile hides her pride. The author uses economic, oceanic, and nautical imagery to show how her fairness is precisely revealed through temporal circumstances, and never makes have in mind that she is fair alone. The ridiculing nature of this sonnet is greatly revealed through the repeated term sane, when, and through the central phrase that her mottle of pride, which oft doth dark (line 7). Work Cited Fair Is My Love, by Edmund Spenser http//www.bartleby.com/331/122.html Sonnet Analysis - Fair Is My Love, by Edmund Spenser Essay -- Sonnet eThis sonnet is an anti-love poem that ironically shows how the fairness of a lady is contingent upon natures blessings and her external manifestations. The Spenserian style brings unity to this sonnet, in that its theme and rhyme is interwoven throughout, but the focus of her fairness is divide d into an octave and a sestet. The first eight lines praise her physical features (hair, cheeks, smile), while the last six lines praise her internal features (words, spirit, heart). This sonnet intentionally hides the speakers ridicule behind counterfeit love-language, using phrases like fair golden hairs (line 1), and rose in her red cheeks (line 3), and her eyes the fire of love does spark (line 4). This traditional love language fills pages of literature and song, and has conventionally been used to praise the attributes of a lover but this sonnet betrays such language by exhibiting a critique rather than commendation. This sonnet appears to praise the beauty of a lady but ironically ridicules her by declaring that her fairness is contingent upon nature, physical features, and displaying a gentle spirit, which hides her pride. The first line begins Fair is my love, when (line 1), and its an idea that is shown five times in the sonnet (see lines 1,3,5,7,9). At first glance, many readers will find this phrase to be quite endearing, but the speakers actual intent is to prove over and over again that her fairness is contingent when certain events happen. For example, she is fair when her fair golden hairs. . . are waiving (lines 1-2) and when the rose in her red cheeks appears (line 3) and when her eyes the fire of love does spark (line 4). The poet is very precise in using the term fair which ... ...eems more astonishing. This sonnet mocks this woman by pretending to praise her, all the while proving that her fairness is contingent upon certain external manifestations. The fact that the beloved has a gentle sprite does not matter much because she is prideful. The subtle language of the sonnet hides the speakers ridicule, just as her smile hides her pride. The author uses economic, oceanic, and nautical imagery to show how her fairness is merely revealed through temporal circumstances, and never makes mention that she is fair alone. The ridiculing nature of this sonnet is greatly revealed through the repeated term Fair, when, and through the central phrase that her cloud of pride, which oft doth dark (line 7). Work Cited Fair Is My Love, by Edmund Spenser http//www.bartleby.com/331/122.html

What Is The Role Of Engineers Environmental Sciences Essay

Through the last few decennaries the physical growing of population has become one of the universe s highest environmental menaces. This growing has created special(a) demands for land, transit, energy, piss, sanitation, etc. , and marked the different countries or Fieldss where applied scientists are pruneing. As a consequence, todays applied scientists in both developed and create states must to total a impertinentlyly holistic outpouring toward congenital and societal systems ( Amadei 2004 ) . Which means exchange the controlling nature fall upon for collaborating nature attack through sustainable development in convening. Engineers, plenty that design professional solutions for societal issues, are playing a critical function in the building of modern societies, although the ways as they overcome and approach these depend just just aboutly on the socioeconomic conditions which vary significantly. This essay exit discourse the function of applied scientists in d eveloping states and analyse H2O supply & A sanitation and energy as two of the most important countries affected by their decision-making.Role of engine roomGeneral PerspectiveThe function of applied science has suffered many an(prenominal) renewings over the last few decennaries, although its construct which is based on test and mistake has remained an indispensable component of the scientific-technological method where societal, environmental and human component parts define the most suited solution to pull off a erratic issue. Therefore, applied scientist s function is go oning reshaped harmonizing to the new challenges and necessities implicated by specialised subjects on peculiar countries of design ( civil, chemical, agricultural, etc. ) . ( UNESCO 2010, p. 24 )Contemporary Perspective and sustainable developmentUnlike the twentieth century where the technology epoch seemed to hold limit little natural beginnings, todays century is confronting austere jobs that are seting tremendous force per unit area on the environment ( Azapagic, Perdan & A Clift 2004, pp. 3-5 ) . Therefore, todays applied scientists besides the basic proficient and scientific cognition of the technology subject, they besides have to lend and advance sustainable development that meets todays necessities without impacting adversely the capableness of approaching coevalss to run into up their ain necessitates. This new function of technology, demands new patterns based on social-environmental factors instead than merely concern ends.Impact of technology on societyThe history shows legion illustrations in which applied scientists public presentation has widely influenced among communities. smell of life, economic wealth and easily substructure for case, are one of the most relevant and common indexs of their weight on society. As ( UNESCO 2010, p. 40 ) have stated, by 2025, the universe s population will hold increased from 1.5 billion to 6.6 billion about and the per c entum of migration to urban countries will lift from 40 per cent to 60 per cent. This information shows that urbanisation rates will hike dramatically. Subsequently applied scientists have the duty to do effectual and sustainable solutions as an incorporate attack without generate negative impacts, which is known as technology societal duty.Ethical side of technologyIn general footings, technology s moralss is straight associate with technology duties regulated by criterions codifications which act harmonizing to several(prenominal) state of affairss. The aim of the ethical factor in technology instead than merely fixed up regulations, is pulling solutions with reflection of peculiar state of affairss fixed into anterior rules. On this footing, at the clip of doing determinations, applied scientists should take into history the undermentioned points sustainable development, protection of the public-environment, faithful agent of stakeholders related with objectiveness, competence- knowledge, equity and justness, unity in the workplace ( dedication and service ) , and professional accountability- leading. ( UNESCO 2010, p. 190 )Engineers in Developing StatesAs in developed states, applied scientists must work within the societal, economic and environmental context in order to vouch existent sustainable development for the whole universe ( Parsons 1996, p. 170 ) . Social duties much(prenominal) as H2O supply, sanitation, nutrient, energy and environmental protection are the same in developing states. The difference resides on the socio-economic factors which are straight influenced by people s behavior, authoritiess places and development precedences.Engineering accomplishments and moralss in Developing statesAs is described in the subdivision A.1 and A.3, competencies and rules of applied scientists in developing states remain the same as standardised features. The not bad(p) challenge for them is in fact, to develop realistic undertakings on clip to peculia r communities and engineering available ( Parsons 1996, p. 170 ) . In fact, environmental issues, frequently take little importance because there are others which have more relevant societal impact , oil geographic expeditions for case.Successful and failed undertakingsThe successful and failed undertakings in developing states depends much on the capableness of applied scientists to set about undertakings with a clear apprehension of the aims, dependable appraisal of resources handiness, concern, and proficient demands and effectual communicating among stakeholders. The ability to implement accurately these facts will lend up utile and applicable options to turn to existent issues. By contrast, deficiency of attending to the social-economic context, moralss codifications, unrealistic outlooks, underestimated clip, tone of voice and cost will convey hapless results. ( Parsons 1996, pp. 171,172 )Relationship between engineering and socioeconomic factorThe usance of high-techno logy does non vouch a successful undertaking or accurate solutions. In order to accomplish good consequences, applied scientists must be able to do a balance between usage of engineering and socioeconomic properties. Parsons ( 1996 ) points out that the appropriated choice of engineering will find non merely undertaking s success besides its viability. As a consequence, there are four points to take appropriated engineering harmonizing to socioeconomic factors it must be conceptual and physically compatible with operators, trim parts and equipment must be available in the influenced country, undertaking support must be sufficient with its budget, and the engineering must be compatible with the physical environment where it will be used. This theoretical account leads to reason that the relationship between engineering and socieconomic factor is really narrow, it must suit users and demands all(prenominal) bit good as must be designed to better quality life.Engineering AreasEnviron mental tendencies that are find new applied scientistsBrief reference of of import events that encourage environmental position on technologyWorld population, followed by clime alteration are considered the two chief factors that are determining new applied scientists with environmental attack. During the last half of the 21th century universe population increased from 2.5 billion to 6 billion particularly in less economically developed states, this tendency is expected to top out at 9.3 billion by 2050 ( United Nations 2012 ) . In add-on, overpopulation besides has been linked with higher demands of natural resources ( H2O, cropland, wood ) , shanty colonies, transportation-infrastructure shortages etc. Another of import event that is doing an environmental attack is the fact that the current world(a) economic is based on productiveness, which has brought several impacts associated with nursery gases, waste merchandise of fossil fuels and air pollution. Climate alteration is sur ely the consequence of all these elements at an unnatural rate. Therefore, the universe has changed its development attack to sustainable development ( Brown, Rener & A Halweil 2000 ) . Hence, most of professional corporations have incorporated sustainable development into their purpose statements and codifications.New theoretical account of acquisition and patternTo face the planetary challenges that the Earth are confronting today, technology instruction has incorporated the construct of sustainability into all technology Fieldss. This means, that professional are expected to do dependable determinations that improve quality of life every bit good as cut downing negative impacts on environment and degrees of consumption, and be aftering their actions harmonizing to socio-economic factors and engineering available. Consequently, the procedure of acquisition and pattern has been adjusted by a theoretical account of instruction more realistic-practical. Where pupils throughout work shops are larning and edifice cognition in existent state of affairss, every bit good as has created in them greater environmental duty. ( Amadei 2004 ) .Sustainability and transmutationAs explain Azapagic, Perdan & A Clift ( 2004 ) , there are surely third constrains that built the construct of sustainability. Techno-centric concerns, which range human expertness, inventiveness and economic systems, Eco-centric concerns related with natural resources and ecological capableness and socio-centric concern based on human and societal outlooks. The Techno-centric concerns, has been traditionally used in the procedure of instruction in technology, the duty of today s applied scientists is to include in equal proportion or balance all three restraints to accomplish a sustainable development. Which finally is seeking for human well-being, in other words fulfilling human demands, bettering quality of life in an eco-friendly manner.Water Supply and SanitationDeveloping States backgroundUN ESCO ( 2010 ) states that H2O supply is one of the most serious jobs confronting by developing states, in India for case, 85 % of the urban population has entree to imbibing H2O, but merely 20 % of the of this meets the health-quality criterions set by World Health Organization. Additionally, the day-to-day rate of H2O supply frequently is really low and depends on economic factors and location. The state of affairs on sanitation is even worse frequently sanitation has lower precedence than H2O supply. It has estimated that 2.6 billion people do non hold decently or bing sanitation system in developing states. Another issue related with sanitation is in fact that effluent and solid waste aggregation go and stormwater drainage are unequal. Littering straight to open countries for case, has created environmental impacts on surface and land H2O resources being more dramatic in countries such as shanty towns.Engineering Challenges Engineers attackThe traditionally intervention of H2O supply and sanitation direction is considered now as a standard process. Which has several interventions harmonizing to the H2O physicochemical features, engineering available and environmental ordinances. Although, it is by no agencies certain that this process has been the best. Indeed, 95 % of the effluent in the universe has been discharged to the environment without intervention ( Montgomery & A Elimelech 2007 ) . Hence, Beside new ordinances and codifications, todays applied scientists instead that retroflex solutions from developed states to developing states, they will hold to run into basic demands of all communities for H2O and sanitation and work as facilitators of sustainability attack within context institutional, societal, political, economic, environmental and technological. Thereby, the issue of H2O and sanitation in developing states will be overcame or at least decreased. For illustration, spick production can be an expensive solution , nevertheless it is tru ly depends on legion conditions linked with the population objet, such as natural resources, demands and societal category.EnergyDeveloping States backgroundIn the following few decennaries, the force per unit area on energy services will increase well in developing states. It is predicted that energy ingestion worldwide will increase approximately 30 % from 2007 to 2030 and most of that growing will be came from developing states. As a consequence, the intergovernmental panel clime alteration ( 2007 ) point out that these energy issues will be addressed through cost-efficient energy plans based on the decrease of dodo fuel usage executions of ecofriendly engineerings and renewable energy in lodging, transit and industrial sectors and eventually the decrease of life-cycle cost, this related with all disbursals in the design, building, operation and care of a peculiar undertaking. ( Liu, Meyer & A Hogan 2010, pp. 35,36 ) . Today s modern development demands serious energetic plans that fix up both economic development and sustainable development based on the rational usage of natural resources.Engineering Challenges and attack in developing Nations.Worldwide experiences have showed that the replacing of non-renewable to renewable energy seems to be more expensive and furthermore, information about renewable engineerings is unequal or unapproachable. For that ground, the common committedness for applied scientists on energy solutions is provide better options in footings of sustainability and development. Adoption and design of new engineerings, ordinances, technology supervising within national schemes, continues updating, provide advice of energy demands, etc. , will be the common countries where applied scientists function will be important for environmental energy development in the less economically developed states. ( UNESCO 2010, p. 288 ) .Decisions

God’s kingdom Essay

John Ortbergs The Life Youve Always Wanted book verbalises of how wiz erect be transformed and live with Jesus intimate their flavor. One should lead a deep spiritual life sentence wherever they ar and in all aspects of their life. A proper relationship with 1s paragon can transform one so that they lead a spiritual life which is very important to a delivererian. When one lives with Jesus in their hearts, there are fruits of Holy spirit that they can acquire which include peace, kindness, and joy. When one leads a spiritual life, they cannot lead disappointments in their life because disappointments come when they switch off to live the way God wants them to live.One should thus not disappoint the God who created them and Who guides them in everything they do every day. One should understand that they were created by God. Rather, human was made by God to subdue the earth and fill it and also to feed dominion on other creatures on the earth. There is a admit to know tha t death is not the end of our lives but that there is another life which will be eternal in heaven. One should understand that the religious doctrine is true and is not like any other tales which are being told here in the world.Consequently, Gods kingdom is open to anyone who can allow in Jesus to be their savior and lead his life as the Jesus did by not following and fulfilling earthly needs. One should understand that Jesus came in the world and died for our sins in order to have eternal or everlasting splendor. One should understand that God can transform them at any age regardless of their age. This happened to Moses at a time that he was thinking he had become a somebody who had been forgotten. God however transformed him and made him the person who rescued the Israelites from the superpowerful Pharaoh.One should also understand that God hears prayers and answers them as He did to the Israelites in the hands of pharaoh. God heard their groans and sent Moses to direct them erupt of Pharaohs slavery. One should also understand that the desire to be transformed lies in everyones heart. Moreover, once they are transformed, they acquire hope in their life and are assured of eternal life in the next world. One needs to understand that Christians should not conform to the world around them. Paul advocated for switch by renewal of minds.People should also understand that we are on a morphing time and that any ordinary person can receive power anytime and have extraordinary changes. Above everything, one should not forget that Jesus died for mankinds sins and that Christ brought joy to humanity and that we should follow His teachings. One should have patience and endurance whenever they are suffering, be attending prayer fellowships, and have solitude and meditation on the Scriptures (Ortberg, 2002). I remember one day communicate myself many chiefs after my expectations had failed to come true.I had finished my secondary level education. Moreover, sinc e I thought that I had do my examinations well, I was thus sure that I had excelled and that I will be able to join a higher learning institution to do my bachelors degree. When the results were announced and after hearing that in our school, around five students had passed to join university level, I knew I must have passed because I used to be number one in our class since I was in form one. When I went to pick my results, I was surprised to find that my name did not appear among the first top ten students.I was shocked to an design that I could not even talk to anybody whom I came across as I was going home. I went home and I did not even talk to any of my family members. I could not even participate in doing any household chores no matter how easy it was. I could not even talk to my friends who used to come visiting me. I stayed indoors for more than two weeks enduring a lot of stress asking myself why God had done that for me. I used to ask myself whether it was because I was not attending morning prayers and church devotions that God had decided to discipline me.My parents, having seen how I was depressed, organized that I go to another school where I would redo my exams. When the results were out, I had passed very well. What surprises me in Ortbergs book is how and why one gets disappointed with themselves. Another question I would like to ask is what made Moses to ask God who He (God) was as Moses was being sent to pharaoh. Further, is human transformation genuinely possible? Another question which I may ask is how people understand or view this issue of transforming or morphing? Is it that people turn to God or remember the headmaster when they are faced with problems?Do people understand that there is life after this one we are living in and that Jesus died so that we can have eternal majesty? Moreover, Ortberg should have asked the old woman how she knew Jesus and how her life was in Jesus. He could also have asked her how she knew about Jesus C hrist was it because she was blind and old or did she know Him when she was still young. What steps can one take to make sure that he or she has transformed as many people as possible? Can Ortberg the author of this book, be associated with any influence in transforming the faith of many pagan people and bring them to Christianity?At what age or state can one be transformed and accept Jesus as their personal savior? From Ortberg book, I have learnt that transforming people is a very important thing since one can change the life of a person completely from a bad one to a good one. I have also learnt that mankinds wish is not the wish of God. I have also known that when one leads a spiritual life, they can always much happiness and be joyous. Another lesson I have learnt is that material things are not important for they are earthly things. Rather, what is important is Gods kingdom since in it, there is eternal splendor.I have also learnt that the life one wants to live is not always easy to live because God has plans for everyone and that we are not the determinants of our lives. Instead, God created humanity and has the plans for everybody. Another lesson I have learnt from this book is that God is the giver of life and can change ones lifestyle at any stage or at any age. I have also learnt that God hears the prayers and cries of His children and answers them. Time is not significant in this case since God has explicit plans for everyone. References Ortberg, John. (2002). The life youve always wanted. Grand Rapids, Michigan Zondervan.

Difficulties of Beginning your own Business (Case Study)

Facts After 20+ years of working for other firms, Penelope (enrolled agent, age 41), Mark (CPA, age 43), and joke (CVA, age 65) want to leave the firms they are currently employed by and become their own bosses. Penelope specializes in taxes, Mark is the auditor, and John is a craft valuation expert. There are so many options available as to how they can structure the new business. The appropriate business entity for any single(a)(s) will numerate on their particular facts and circumstances. You are a valued colleague and friend of this threesome, and they have come to you seeking advice as to how to structure their new business.They have the intimacy to figure it out themselves but are looking for the advice of an unbiased third party. Please consider the following tax and nontax considerations as you recommend an entity choice to Penelope, Mark, and John.Part I controvert the various forms of organization that are available to Penelope, Mark, and John. There are a number of d ifferent forms of organizations for Penelope, Mark, and John to choose. The four main ones are a coadjutorship, express mail Liability Corporation (LLC), S Corporation, or C Corporation. In a partnership all partners are personalizedly liable for debts and obligations. Each partner claims their ploughshare of income and losses on their individual tax returns. An LLC covers the owner from personal liability from business debts. As with a partnership, the taxes for an LLC are passed through to the owners. An S Corporation, as with an LLC, the income and taxes pass through to the owners. C Corporations are considered specialise entities and pays corporate income taxes separate from the shareholders. With a C Corporation, the shareholders are also taxed on the dividends received.Part II Make your passport as to what form of organization you believe will be best, and be sure to explain the reasoning for your choice. The best organization for Penelope, Mark, and John is a Limited Lia bility Corporation (LLC). The owners will receive the benefits of limited liability as with a corporation, but the pass through option for the taxes. The LLC is not considered a separate entity so is not subjected to twin taxation.PartIII Discuss the tax consequences of bestow cash, property, and/or services to the new entity. There are no tax consequences for the shares of the LLC for contributing cash, property, or services.Part IV Discuss, in detail, how this entity is taxed (if at all) and what register requirements it has with the IRS. A multi-member LLC is taxed as a partnership by the IRS. The LLC can elect to be taxed as a corporation by filing form 8832. The LLC files an informational tax return, Form 1065 and agenda K-1, but is not taxed itself. Individually each member files a Form 1040 and reports their share of the LLC income or losses from the Form Schedule K-1. Each member must pay taxes, which include self-employment tax, on their share regardless if any income i s distributed. (IRS.gov)Part V Discuss how income and distributions may or will be allocated to Penelope, Mark, and John. The profits are shared based on percentage of ownership or equally. This needs to be indomitable during the set-up.Part VI Discuss, in detail, how the individuals are taxed (if at all) with respect to the net profits from this entity and what filing requirements they will each have with the IRS. With the LLC the individual partners are liable for filing their own personal income taxes based on the guidelines of the IRS, which will include self-employment taxes and any estimated taxes. The individual return Form 1040 will also include a Schedule K-1. All credits and deductions are passed through to each member. The amount of the credits and deductions that each member files for are divided by the percentage that each member has in the company.Part VII Discuss how Penelope, Mark, and John will calculate their basis in the new entity. Be sure to include the impact that debt has on basis, if any. When a partnership interest is acquired in other ways than contributions, usual basis rules apply (Code Sec 742). Since the cost is the initial basis of purchased interest it can be adjusted by the following criteria additional contributions, partnerships accumulated taxable income as stated separately ( 19.3), tax-exempt income from the partnership, increases in the partnership liabilities. (Code Sec. 752(a)).Part octette (Limited Liability) Discuss the exposure that Penelope, Mark, and Johns personal assets will have to the debts and lawsuits of the entity you have recommended. All personal assets of the members of the LLC are covered by the limited liability. If the company is ever sued the personal assets are protected from being taken. In choosing the Limited Liability Corporation,Penelope, John, and Mark will be protected personally from any misconduct or ineligible actions of one of the other members. Each one will be able to how to contribut e and manage the company. Also, by choosing the LLC option, the company and members will not be subjected to double taxation. An LLC has no limitation on members as with an S and C corporation, but have the protection. Penelope, Mark, and John will be able to focus on their individual experience to help grow the company as needed.

Funtime Inc

Statement of Facts Funtime, Inc manufactures videogames machines. Funtime, Inc encountered dec eminence in profits as a will of the modernized technology. To offset the decline in profits the management aggroup foc apply on manufacturing economics and improverd production by developing an incentive program for production managers whose contri stillion allowed for an increase in the amount of units produced and a decrease in its cost. The production management team improved manufacturing by increasing the number of completed units beyond normal production levels.To put unitedly the videogame machines the assembly group required parts from the printed circuit boards (PCH) and the reading heads (RH). To achieve increased production, the parts were not carefully produced which resulted in the rejection of the parts that were not tried and modified to meet manufacturing standardizeds. The preventive maintenance that would contrive been use was postponed and only emergency repair wa s being carried out to keep production going.As a result of the pressure on the production group to focus on their machine there was machine downtime in the PCH and RH groups along with the demand for the parts take to more than parts being rejected. Analysis Based on Funtimes newly implemented incentive program, which rewards managers for increased output and cost savings, expectations were to see an increase in output and cost savings. Numbers on the contri yetion report show how the incentive program is working thus far. It can be seen in the table beneath that the goal of increasing output is being achieved as output is 200 units over budget.Despite the increased output, the goal of decreasing cost is weakness thus far. There is an inauspicious contribution margin variance to budget of $58,660. The components that are driving that un cordial contribution margin variance are in the analysis below. Direct Materials The first component of the unfavorable contribution margin is direct materials. The contribution report shows that direct materials has an unfavorable variance of $40,400. Funtime uses three opposite material types to build the video game units. A closer look at how efficient the house units, printed circuit boards, and the reading heads are being used can be ound in the tables below. The first table shows the actual cost that Funtime is paying for the three types of direct material versus what the standard rate says they should be paying. The housing units shows no variance between the actual cost and the standard cost but both the printed circuit boards and the reading heads are both showing an unfavorable variance totaling $13,900. To obtain their goal of increasing production levels the PCB and RH groups have begun rejecting parts that in the past would have been tested and modified to meet standards and consequently be used in production.Rejecting the parts and bringing in new ones is proving to increase production levels but at the s ame time costing Funtime $13,900 more in direct materials than they should be paying for the month of May. The direct material customs duty analysis gives a picture of how many materials are being used to produce the 2,200 units of output. Using the usage table below Funtime used a total of 2,200 housing units, 4,700 printed circuit boards, and 9,200 reading heads. In the direct material usage table it is seen how those actual units compared to how many units really should have been used.Just like in the direct material cost table housing units had no variance but printed circuit boards and reading heads have an unfavorable variance. Its shown that 300 more printed circuit boards and 400 more reading heads were used than should have been. This is in line with previous analysis that due to the rushed production more PCBs and RHs are being purchased be buzz off of the high rejection rate. Direct Labor The next component that is helping to cause the unfavorable contribution margin is the direct push cost.Just like in direct material there are three different types of direct labor at Funtime and those include assembly, printed circuit boards, and reading heads. Similar tables were used to look at the efficiency of direct labor as were used to look at direct materials. The table below shows the actual hours worked for each group versus the standard hours that should have been worked. Its seen that for the assembly group there was no variance but the PCB and RH groups both had negative variances. Because of the pressure to increase production, preventative maintenance on the machines was postponed causing machines to break down.This in turn caused abnormal machine downtime resulting in employee idle time that required the use of overtime. This explains the unfavorable variance in direct labor hours amongst the PCB and RH groups. With the requirement to work overtime hours Funtime will have to pay higher overtime rates. The table below shows us the actual rates pai d versus the standard rates that should have been paid. As expected PCB and RH groups have an unfavorable rate variance while Assembly has a favorable variance. This caused Funtime to pay $4,860 in direct labor cost over the standard cost.Sales The last component of the unfavorable contribution margin is the variance in sales and sales price. Looking back at the contribution report it is seen that notwithstanding output and sales having favorable variance revenue actually has an unfavorable variance. This can be tied directly to sales price per unit. The table below shows clearly that Funtime is marketing their product at a discount and is losing money. Funtime is interchange each unit for $20 dollars less than what was budgeted for. In May they lost $44,000 for selling each unit at $20 below budget.Looking strictly at units sold in the table below it can be seen that Funtime has a favorable sales volume variance. Although they had a favorable variance, it was not enough of a fav orable variance to help offset the revenue they are losing by selling each unit at a discount. This analysis clearly shows there are three main components causing the unfavorable contribution margin in the month of May. A closer look at the direct material and direct labor tables shows that the PCB and RH groups are foregoing efficiency to increase production.Because of the keel in resources from testing and modifying parts to increasing production it has resulted in just rejecting the parts altogether which is driving up direct labor cost. As tumefy the shift in resources away from maintenance on the machines to increasing production has caused the machines to breakdown often. This has caused much employee downtime resulting in overtime hours being worked which is the main driver in the unfavorable direct labor costs. And lastly the analysis showed that Funtime is selling each unit at a discount to what the budgeted price should have been.

Lady Macbeth Analysis

The characters in Shakespeares are strongly developed by the use of soliloquies. Through them, self-contemplation of the characters is revealed. Lady Macbeth, in particular, is very dynamic, and her nature grows doneout the play. Her changes are often highlighted through her soliloquies, thus giving the audience a clear idea of her development. When Macbeth told his married woman of the witches prophecy, Lady Macbeth wanted nothing else but to make it true.She asked the spirits to Unsex me here, and fill me, from the crown to the toe, top full of direst cruelty (Act 1, Scene 5) She asks for the power to convince and control her husbands mind with her ambition to become the queen. In this soliloquy, Lady Macbeth reveals to the audience her evil nature however, this trait is hidden from the characters around her as the minute Macbeth enters and her soliloquy finishes, she softens into a loving wife, c all(prenominal)ing Macbeth My dearest love, and comforting him of Duncans visit.R ight before the scene ends, she tells him that To alter favor ever is to fear. Leave all the rest to me. This should send Macbeth a signal of her blooming nature. Lady Macbeth enters the courtyard of the castle after drugging the kings guards with alcohol and says to herself that what has quenchd them hath given me fire. (Act 2, Scene 2) She is bold and ferocious, and she drunk not only on the alcohol, but her greed and her evil desires fuel her.Her soliloquy shows the audience the climax of her growth. She confidently admits to herself who she is and is happy about what shes done. After meeting with Macbeth and seeing his weakness, she calls Macbeth Infirm of purpose and takes matters into her own hands to complete the deed. Lady Macbeths growth is revealed to two the audience and to her husband in this soliloquy. The last of Lady Macbeths soliloquies is during her sleep walk.She is admitting her crime, and trying to wash blood off her hands. She believes that all the perfumes o f Arabia will not sweeten this little hand, (Act 1, Scene 1) obviously crumbling under the guilt. Her fear is too torturing her, through her unresolved reassurance to herself that Banquos buried. He cannot come out on s grave. There are no traces of her evil nature left, and her soliloquy reveals her weakness, and her regret as she admits to herself that what is done cannot be undone. Lady Macbeth is portrayed as the fierce disposed(p) wife of Macbeth, unlike most women of her time. She is strong willed, however, not stronger than her guilty conscience, as she is eventually crushed and killed by her own evil nature. Shakespeare shows the development of Lady Macbeth through three soliloquies placed in the beginning, the middle, and the end of the play to give the audience a very clear understanding of both the dynamics of the character and also the plot of the play.

The Value of Higher Education

Ruben Zamudio English 1 Section 1739 Dr. Garnica Assignment 1 The Value of a Higher Education As the predecessor for success in the States since the 1970s, college is questioned to a greater extent and more this generation whether its stature is essential for socioeconomic mobility. What once was seen as the decay force of class divisions has sadly become the reason for its fortification. This eroding force does however give a pleasant image of a better life with a higher earning career at hand.The instability of the countrys economy has made it difficult for students of low-income class to get regain to colleges and universities and surpass the invisible barriers that hold them back from achieving the American dream every citizen has. wiz major drawback for admission charge to higher breeding can be focused directly on the nation. Since the tragic incident of 9/11, our nations spending towards defense has dramatically increased. What does that mean? Not enough dollars are goi ng towards what matters most commandment.The Bushs administrations 2007 budget proposed the largest cut to federal education backup since the twenty-six years of existence for the Education Departmenta loss of $2. 1 billion. This cut meant that schools and colleges throughout the nation had to compete more than ever for proper funding from the government, both at the state and federal level. As resources are being stripped from schools, struggling students ordain only lead to struggle, while students with money and resources abide to add on to the legacy that has preceded them.This information does not include another economic sector that has made it difficult for students to access higher education, the ever-growing cost of college development. College tuition has increased 66% beyond inflation within the last ten years, and 26% at private institutions. Higher education was looked at to further the knowledge of our nations citizens, to expand and better what we had, but due to the difficulty of accessing it, all we continue to do is increase the violate of class stratification.Gary Rhoades of the Center of the Future of Higher Education stated, Our current policy path, of continued cuts in state support and continued increases in tuition testament only increase the stratification in the future. This is an adverse turn out, as our nation is in dire demand for more educated graduates and workers, not fewer. Yet, policymakers continue to steer their focus a management from increasing access to schools, and making it that much harder for students who struggle already. In the world we live in today, money is the motive and the drive.Elementary and conduct secondary schools with a high belongings tax are two linked reasons for the inequality of education. Schools rely heavenly on property tax receipts using as much as half for funding. A report done by Daphne A. Kenyon, a member at the Lincoln Institute, displayed the correlation of property tax and sc hool funding of seven states California, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Texas, Ohio, New Jersey, and Michigan, with Massachusetts ranks the highest and California the lowest, according to the respective property tax relief and school funding principles presented in the reports. This report associates itself with the most educated states in the country, with Massachusetts being one of the most educated and California being one the lowest. Giving you an psyche how this source of revenue actually helps the students in the long run, getting a higher quality of education, as schools are able to buy more materials for the classrooms, and lucre for workshops which could improve teachers. Educational value depends on the educational spending in students and institutions, as does the quality.This inequality for students enforces class stratification, as students who receive better quality of breeding throughout their academic career, will be better prepared for colleges and universities an d the workforce ahead. As these students leave a form of legacy behind them in their alma mater, access for their children will be easier, as children with parents whove attended college are more likely to go than those with parents who render not. Unfortunately for those who receive poor quality education, their mobility will be limited than what it should be, ignoring general income as a factor.Students with lower income have always trailed behind their affluent colleagues in school setance, not saying that they cannot advance, but the way the system is being operated against them. Universities have grown selective in their admission process, aiming towards students with higher incomes, as they contribute and pay more than those with lower income. A trend that has continued to grow and debated about is the acceptance of out-of-states students over in-states students.Populated states with tight higher education budgets have grown to rely on out-of-state students due to their high er tuition payments to help sustain the schools. Another issue that universities and institutions present is the administration blight. A 2010 study has shown that administrators have grown 39% per 100 students compared to professors, researchers, and other staff members, who have only grown 18% per 100 students. Schools collect more professors and researchers, not administrators, who make an average of $390,000 a year.This steers universities mission away from providing a proper education and more and giving those in higher power more power. Full time professors and researchers are being replaced, and do not have time to perform research to further the advancement of knowledge. Despite the numbers flown around everywhere, what you earn from a college stagecoach is in fact beneficial to a person. Those with a suffer secondary education will genuinely earn a bout 64% more than someone with just a high school degree or a drop out ($1053 vs. 638 earned a month). The earning gap in t odays society has been the highest since 1915, and in todays economy, you need to have that stable income to be ready for whatever policies and laws and raises in tax rates that the country might throw at you. So attending college will definitely have its advantage, most of the times. Although attaining and completing your post secondary education, the work field will not always guarantee you a gambol solely due to a degree.Post secondary education has taken it share of hits from legislators and policymakers, but this should not affect the access for students who are working hard to attain a better future for themselves and potential families to come. Despite, the intense competition that has grown, post secondary is essential in the todays world and a piffling competition is always healthy. Our state and national government, as well as schools and parents have to understand the importance of post secondary education for our future generations, and must find a way to restructure our budgets to help students succeed as much as possible.

Final Marketing Plan Presentation Essay

The Allstate Corporation is the largest publicly held individualized lines property and casualty general festernt in America. Allstate fork outs insurance crossroads to approximately 16 million ho usageholds. Allstate was founded in 1931 and became a publicly traded company in 1993. Listed on the New York Stock Exchange on a lower floor the trading symbol ALL and widely kn avouch through the Youre In easily Hands With Allstate slogan. (Suite 101, 2013). Being such a large supplier of consumer protection takes hard work and dedication from individually unmarried in the company to result consumers with the highest level of customer service. While Allstate was trying unsuccessfully to diversify, rivals were revolutionizing the machine insurance concern, which Allstate still counts on for most of its sales. Auto premiums generated 55% of its $31.4 billion in revenue last year.Geico and Progressive Corp. found a saucily design for increase in the relatively mature busin ess.They crafted a lower- appeal model combining direct sales over the Internet and teleph iodine with heavy television denote. offering lower prices and more than convenience, they grew rapidly at the expense of Allstate and new(prenominal) insurers that sell mostly through agents.Allstates second-place sh be of the auto insurance market savage to 10.4% from 11.3% over the past five years, while Chevy Chase, Md.-based Geico jumped two points to 8.7% and Progressive climbed to 7.9 %( Suite 101, 2013). State Farm Insurance the largest car and home insurer in the U.S. and a mutual company owned by its policyholders consistently rated better for cites handling and service than Allstate. The guides department of Allstate has some of the most critical interaction with the consumers because it is during a age of need. Consumers contact the claims department when they have suffered a loss to establish a claim.The claims adjuster has the responsibility of obtaining claim pertinent information from the consumer to effectively approximate the loss. At Allstate Insurance claims departments ar separated according to customer necessarily. Large claims offices known as Market Claim Offices, MCO, are strategically located to provide adequate insurance coverage across the nation. A Market Claim Office presides over a few states or an individual state depending on claim volume and consumer coverage. Allstate has specialized offices that handle claims for the entire nation but only if they congruous certain criteria. The Hudson Express Office out of Hudson, Ohio is an office with a concenter on handling claims with a reduced cycle magazine or the beat from claim submission to claim settlement. A starting to examine the orthogonal factors impacting customer expectations, which may or may non be off-kilter with necessary protocols and the terms of coverage insurance in general, is the medias unflattering portrayal of the manufacture especially in light of post Katrina claim controversies and litigation.Aside from merely being a nuisance, the media overly contribute to customer apprehension, which invariably affects the entire claim experience, starting with the initial exchange. Customer leeriness combated, comfort level enhanced easily by treating the customer and the claim with care and speed. To meet this reduced cycle time the Hudson Express Office only handles smaller claims with a total loss under $10,000. E verything within the Hudson Express Office is completely in house with no need for outside adjusters. A challenge world that arises because in that location are no outside adjusters is to efficiently write an estimate for structure damages and suit of this be intimates from a customers review (Five Weeks and Still Waiting, Jan 18 2013).I was broadsided by a fetchr who didnt period of time at a stop sign at a 4 way intersection. My car was left un-driv able. She didnt have her insurance card with her. After a lot of grou ndworkvass I found out who her insurance company was and called them myself. They told me an adjuster would be out to look at my car. No virtuoso showed up. I have called every day since. I have been told that as soon as they receive the police report and accept li great power, they go out put together me in a lease car. It has been almost 5 weeks Description of the new product of serviceAllstate aims to compete more effectively with Geico and Progressive on their turf. After a successful four state pilot of the new Claim Satisfaction Guarantee for auto insurance across the country. Will Shorten claim cycle time in the long run results in higher customer satisfaction because the consumer pot resume intent as usual sooner rather than later. Allstate Insurance has implemented a new vane-based customer service center to in able consumers to provide claim pertinent information via their computer through the use of the customer website. Consumers are able to enter file nones int o the claim as well as submit a list of stolen or damaged items through the customer website that provoke be instantly attached to the claim. An opportunity area for decreased cycle time is with regard to property estimates. An in houseestimating system is utilized by indoors adjusters to create a preliminary damage estimate.For smaller less complicated damage areas a web based estimating system would throw in consumers to generate their own estimates. A simple web page can include multiple selections for damage areas including fences, doors, and windows. Once a damage area has been selected, multiple choice questions would allow consumers to describe the damaged area as well as the style and material the damaged area. If a consumer does not know the material or style, a default or average style and material would allow an initial estimate to be completed. Once the consumer receives an estimate or invoice from a contractor to complete the work, the claims department can review i t for validity and issue any supplemental damages incurred. On simple claims, a consumer could file and settle a claim online without waiting for a call from a claims department representative significantly decreasing claim cycle time. SWOT AnalysisThe idea of maturation a page on an insurance claim and being able to submit your complaint and receiving an instant response sounds great Allstate needs to keep in line that claims are being handled in a way in which entrust not create the webpage to lead overloaded, it has to be user friendly and appropriate for any age group . another(prenominal) considerations include the cost effectives of this type of service and how it impart benefit the consumer and profitably for the brand.New automation also lists the opportunity in cost saving measuring rods such as employee down sizing. Other key item to consider when marketing this type of service can be Advertisement on social media, newspapers,word of mouth, Blogs etc which are all gr eat ways of promoting the new product and it also provides an opportunity to tell other forms of the same productoffered by the competitor. scratch market including geographicTarget market is middle market emerging affluent and mass affluent consumers with retirement and family financial protection needs. Priority status at the network animize shops and with our Service Centers. saving time and effort by having Allstate manage the entire repair process. Using the online system with real time updates to electronically monitor your fomite at the repair shop. Progression updates are given on repairs so you canspend time doing other things. working to minimize the repair time, which kernel a quicker reunion with your car. Quality factors including the quality of repairs, Guaranteeing repairs for as long as you own or lease the vehicle is one market point. If a policyholder has a burning question about a claim at 2 a.m., they are able log in to the online service site at any time to check the status of the claim. Porters five competitive forces modelAllstates Consumer Segmentation systemWhen purchasing insurance or any other product or service, consumers have more choices than ever before and they know it. But decision making power is not in the customers hands alone. A company can build tremendous customer loyalty over time by making it a top priority to understand and meet its customers needs. As a result, Allstate entrust continue to refine its product offerings, marketing outr severally and customer service based on careful research. Allstate serves four different consumer segments with distinct interaction preferences (advice and assistance versus self-directed) and brand preferences (brand-neutral versus brand-sensitive). market research is an approach conducted to evaluate particular strategies.As well as the evasive action used toward the web-based estimating system. The marketing research bequeath help to connect with the consumers to analyze what is required to research opportunities and evaluate marketing actions. This allow for also help to bar uncertainties for the new service provided. The market research depart allow the chance to determine how well the system is working. The competitive intelligence will help to identify what competitors are doing and how Allstate can differentiate service to gain customer loyalty. Marketing research will aid in developing a strategy that will increase the satisfaction of our new product of service. Allstate is working to provide quality service and conveniences.Therefore, the quantitative research will touch base on some(prenominal) incentives needed to process the claims. Other approaches will involve the act of identifying any other areas of concern. In which could relate to technical issues and a collection of data needed to estimate totals. The marketing research approach described will enhance the quality and promotion for Allstates new web-based system. The overall marketin g externalize should ensure the quality of each area of theproduct and should provide the opportunity for clients to get on the site with hassle free problems and get the service that each individual needs. The mission should be to provide the silk hat customer services and to ensure that the client gets what is needed in the end. Positioning statementOur Shared Vision provides the why, how and what in arrears everything we do at Allstate. It provides the road map for our continued success. Through this vision, we will truly put the customer at the center of everything we do (Allstate, 2013). We will become an even more valuable company to our customers, associates, investors, our communities and society a company with strong earnings potential and financial performance that sets the benchmark for our industry.We are the Good Hands We help customers realize their hopes and dreams by providing the best products and services to protect them from lifes uncertainties and prepare them for the future. Deliver substantially more value than the rival by reinventing protection and retirement to improve customers lives. Put the customer at the center of all our actions. Utilize consumer insights, data and technology to serve customers and generate growth and attractive economic returns. Take an enterprise view of our mass and processes and work as a single team to advance Allstate rather than our individual interests.Strategy and PositionDescriptionAn automated online estimating system needs to be docile to understand and well to use. The first element to the estimating tool is it needs to be easy to understand as well as aesthetically pleasing. When a customer logs on to his or her internet profile the option to choose an action needs to include selecting an existing claim on the insurance policy. Once the claim has been chosen, there will be a selection for estimating system. When the estimating system is chosen, the customer will be prompted regarding the dama ges he or she has sustained. For example, a customer was a victim of a recent theft loss where the front door was kicked in. The customer will select the damage option for entry door which will lead to a chain of questions regarding thedoor. Options for the door will include material in which the door is made such as wood, metal, or fiberglass and whether or not the door is painted.Next, the customer will indicate the size of the door, if the customer does not know how to quantify a door there will be a help icon that will advise the proper ways to measure a door. Style is another important factor in the cost of entry doors, options such as flush, panel, French, or security are the most normal doors available. The undermentioned area of focus will include the damage sustained, whether the door, frame, or both are damaged will determine the proper repairs. The last area of concern for an initial estimate is whether the hardware is damaged and what type of hardware the customer cur rently has.When all of the information has been entered the estimating system will automatically invent an estimate for the removal and replacement of damaged property as well as the disposal of any debris. When the estimate is finished a disclaimer will be needed to inform the customer that the estimate is only a preliminary estimate and if any discrepancies arise when a contractor has seen the damage to inform the claims department for a review of the estimate.Since claims are being filed online, the movement on this is a little quicker. First of all, it reaches the company faster. The need to have the customer come in and get the information then in-putting it into the computer and have it looked at by the investigating agent, then bear upon, prepared for payment (if need be). Instead, you are groovy out the getting information process, and the inputting it into the computer by the agent. Instead you call or go online and put the information yourself and then let it get proces sed and then get paid. The affect it has on the movement is that it gets through quicker, you get faster response time from the company, and you get as immaculate information as possible. The life cycle in a sense lasts shorter. Instead of taking a few weeks (possibly), it could take up to a week or less. So the life cycle in this case is a shorter one, which is impregnable much better for the company overall.The only downside to this is that even though you get pretty accurate information, you then need to process it into insurance terminology so to speak, in which case you have an agent process the information. Its also a good thing, because the agent is proof reading it so to speak to make sure that the information posted or given iscorrect, and is process correctly, and is given to the proper breakdown within the company. Its sort of a congestup plan and a much needed help for the customer who really has little to no knowledge on how insurance claims work. So overall, it is a faster and easier process which is set up to help the customer, and speed up the process to get claims paid quicker. everyplace time, while it does become easier, eventually other companies will begin to do this as well, and people will switch to whoever is cheaper. Service PackagingPackaging is not needed for our products or services. Instead we are offering our customers an easier way to file insurance claims. Normally a client would have to call in to the live line number in order to file a claim. Once the operator answers then the client is expected to listen to numerous options and select which one applies to their personal needs at that moment. This process can be time consuming and aggravating depending on how many clients the customer service representatives the operators are assisting. The next step would be to explain the situation to the operator and wait for them to file the claim for the person. The on line website will be a fast working, easy to navigate website. There is nothing more aggravating then trying to complete information on a website that is slow and takes a long time to accept information.With technological advances, being able to file on line may be more convenient for those who do not have time to call the hot line and file claims. Clients will be able to access the website from laptops, cell phones, iPad, or any other media devices that allow access to the internet. fetch value because it will be less time consuming for customers, if a follow-up is needed then the information may be easier to retrieve delinquent to the pre-online registration. With every question there will be a detailed explanation of what information is required for that particular question. The question and issueitional information will be explained thoroughly to customers without them having to wait on hold in the phone for long periods of time just to speak with a live operator. This will add value to the customers in three ways. The online website wil l save time. Allow customers to have a more hands-on experience with the editing of claim information. Product smell CycleOver the lifecycle of a product, a companys differentiation and positioning strategy would need to change as the market, competitors, and product change. When we say that a product has a life cycle we assert four things Products have a limited life, Product sales pass through district pointednesss, each posing different challenges, opportunities and problems to the seller, Profits rise and fall at different interprets of the product lifecycle, and Products require different marketing, financial, manufacturing, purchasing, and human resource strategies in each life cycle stages (Product spiritedness Cycle Stages and Limitations of Product Life Cycle (PLC), 2014, p. 1). Product life cycle (PLC) deals with the life of the product in the market with respect to business or commercial cost and sales measures (Product Life Cycle Stages and Limitations of Product L ife Cycle (PLC), 2014, p. 1). There are five stages of each product lifecycle product development, introduction, growth, maturity, and decline (Product Life Cycle Stages and Limitations of Product Life Cycle (PLC), 2014, p. 1).During the introduction stage, Allstate will be launched into the market. Sales grow slowly in this time, and informative advertising is done (Dinesh Bakshi, n.d.). Many firms do not earn profits in this stage. There wouldnt be much price skimming because our product is not a new invention and does have competitors. Due to the amount of competitors in the insurance market, competitive pricing is used. Sales rapidly grow during the growth stage, so we use persuasive advertising to gain customers. Competition is stiff at times prices may be reduced to stay a top competitor. veritable(a) though competition may be stiff, firms start to earn more profits in this stage.Our sales increase slowly and the highest figures are reached during the maturity stage of the p roduct cycle. Since competition is at its max level, it would be in Allstates best interest to implement promotional pricing. Our profits are also at their highest level. We use competitive advertising to attract and retain our customers (Market Force, 2005-2014). Next we enter the decline stage where sales and profits decrease. During this stage, we mustiness determine if the decline is fugacious or permanent by conducting marketing research. Production may be stopped if the decline is considered to be permanent. If the decline is temporary, extension strategies areimplemented. The extension stage comes into play to come back from the decline. Original products may be reintroduced in other variations by changing the design, starting a new advertising campaign, and more (Dinesh Bakshi, n.d.). PricingThe price strategy of the web based system. The primary goal is to assure that this meets the needs of our loyal customers and anticipated customers. Moreover the pricing of our new we b based system is an essential part of the marketing piece. Indeed this product of service can be very successful through proper indications of the pros and cons. Other price strategies could relate to what new services are provided by our competitors. However, researching the value, quality and conveniences of the product of service is essential. Pricing strategies with our new service can work to help gain satisfaction from the customers. Consequently, if the market research is not implemented correctly this can work against the organizations overall plan. Contingency plans will also help the guide the new product in the process of service. Most of all pricing factors outline important steps of the web based system. In which will differentiate us from other insurance organizations such as State farm.Furthermore one of all states insurance pricing strategies would involve a small fee. This fee will be deducted from the insurance holders policy every month or every six monthly. The web based system will be done as a package deal. Therefore customers will have the option to participate or not. The new product of service will also be explained to every customer .As well as step by step instructions to give a better understanding of how to use the system. Ultimately the use of the system operates to have claims estimates completed in a timely manner. Customers immediately have an opportunity of seeing the breakdown of damages and cost online.Overall the web based systems pricing is a concern that customer will have a choice to speed the process of with their claim .Although there are some people who may prefer to wait to speak with a claims adjuster. Most of all the new product of service will elapse many problems with the process of claims. Customers will have an opportunity to view their own claims, and get a compete estimate without waiting for a call back from a claims adjuster. Althoughthis is a preliminary estimate of the claim, this is a positioning facto r that gives Allstates customers satisfaction. Pricing figures are major factors towards marketing as well as the competitors. Promotional StrategyAllstate has several online competitors (Progressive, eSurance and Geico) that equate themselves as easy and fast. One of Progressives main thing is price match, which allows consumers to compare rates without providing too much personal information. Many people are reluctant to participate in many online services such as this because they think they will bombarded with spam and other marketing manoeuvre. Generally, customer just a roundabout amount of what they would have to pay for car insurance based on their specific coverage needs. Allstate has place this problem and created an innovative solution.First and foremost, Allstate designed a new way for customers to shop for quotes and have them delivered. According to Marketing Edge (2014), quotes would be delivered anonymously (no personal information required), fast and easy, helpful (accurate), contemporary, and intuitive (para. 4). Allstate needed to spread the word on this innovation, and the best way was to implement a campaign. This campaign included streamer ads online and other tools designed to focus on online shoppers.Allstate needed to market themselves differently than their competition in order to stand out, excite consumers, and provoke attention. According to Marketing Edge (2014), The new anonymous quote tool was the centerpiece of the program. Once it went live on the www.allstate.com site, DRTV, paid search, and online advertising campaigns were implemented in order to drive traffic to it. The DRTV campaign used a unique URL, getallstate.com for tracking purposes. Online banner ads linked directly to the site so visitors could be tracked through mental home and completion of a quote. The Program Objective Develop and market a category-unique online obtain/quoting tool and introduce it to consumers in a way that cost-effectively invites great er shopping/quoting in the direct channel (para. 7).This creative strategy had continued to allow online shoppers the freedomand convenience to stay anonymous. Customers do not even have to provide their name to receive a quote (estimate). There is no application to feel out and no surveys to take. All of the other necessary information is assemblage by simply inputting your zip code. There are helpful tools strategically placed to assist customers, and the web site design is contemporary but not too flashy. According to Marketing Edge (2014), Based on their information, shoppers are presented with an array of estimates in a matrix that allows them to compare different features and levels of coverage that meet their unique needs. And it provides a price for each option. The tool demonstrates throughout the ease with which consumers can obtain the customized price and coverage information they want (para. 10).Professional exchange EffortIn order to market the new automated system f or making claims, Allstate needs to express to the customers exactly how beneficial it will be to them. The best approach would be to build the value to the customer. They would have to show the customer exactly how it would benefit them to manage their claims online rather than deal with a claims adjuster compensate from the get go. Several people will find it convenient to be able to fill out the accident forms right from their mobile device, like their new phone or tablet, while others will not be so prone to using technology as they are not technologically advanced. We will show the customers not to be afraid of the new systems, and that they are a benefit, not a burden. Initial BudgetThe budget is a financial plan for Allstate that quantifies the resource allocation plan for the years to come. To start, Allstate would have to create a specific amount, generated from how many people are button to be monitoring the online claims, and how many hours those individuals are going to be putting in. A sum of $208,000 will needed for ten individuals needed for the new system, all set at 40 hours per week and being paid $10 per hour. Allstate will have to create a budget for the person or company putting together the processor for putting together the portal for online claims, and setting up the website. Allstate will have to keep in mind that it is going to be a process to put this together and a lot of storage is going to be needed for their clientele. Generally, websites and web designare going to cost Allstate anywhere from $1,000 t $2,500. Allstate will create jobs for this new system, and they will have to advertise or promote within in order to fill those jobs, but this will be very minimal cost to Allstate.The company expects to have a gross profit in the first year of $250,000-$500,000 due to the amount of claims that are not going to need claims adjuster to visit sites to assess the damage personally. The targeted output rate is 1,000,000, and with th e average of 86% of all applicants that start the claim online actually finish it, that leaves 860,000 people that use the online claims and pricing. Allstate does not expect any losses with the new market plan.Success Plan MeasurementThere are several ways to measure the success of Allstates marketing plan. For Allstate to accurately measure their success plan they must start with the end in mind (Dyke, 2014). One of the first things to do is ask why the project began and what the goals are. Companies cannot lose sight of why they started something. Once that drive is lost the campaign goes under and the company is next. Numbers do not lie, so if the marketing plan is working it will show in revenue. Dyke (2014), Measure success on your marketing programs ability to meet the needs or desired outcomes of an objective. Remember your business planning here start with setting your goals, list objectives that meet these goals and then identify tactics that will achieve your objectives. The best objectives are SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and tangible) (para. 13).To start tracking progress and success, Allstate must determine who their audience is. having a newsletter can be the turning point for a business. You can see which articles have the most endorsers and track statistics. Dyke 2014, Begin to gather intelligence around the readers interest in the topic, taking the newsletter from a passive strategy to an interactive strategy, and one that can be measured. At the bottom of each online article, give readers several options. They can comment or ask questions, request that a lawyer call them, request a white paper or a helpful form orchecklist youve developed, or they can register for topical events. Remember, your responsiveness to requests is critical in developing relationships (para. 20).Next, reducing that amount spend on proposals and pitches will help to increase rates in other areas. get to know clients rather than just what the y think they want. Allstate must stay one step ahead of the competition to succeed. Many say the perception is reality, so it is imperative to know exactly what Allstates clients think about them. This can be done by implementing satisfaction surveys for the clients to ensure all their needs are met. All threats or problems acknowledged or revealed by the client must be handled swiftly. Allstate must market for the sake of revenue, not for the sake of marketing and take the momentum of your success and apply throughout all your marketing initiatives (Media coverage grabbing the bull horn). Ethical IssuesReferenceDinesh Bakshi. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.dineshbakshi.com/igcse-business-studies/marketing/revision-notes/814-product-life-cycle Dyke, S.V. (2014). CBA Practice Link. Retrieved from http//www.cba.org/cba/practicelink/mt/measureefforts.aspx http//www allstate.com/claims/report-Insure Me. (1993-2014). Retrieved from http//www.insureme.com/insurance-agent/marketing-tips Market Force. (2005-2014). Retrieved from http//uk.marketforce.com/price-checking/ Marketing Edge. (2014). Retrieved from http//www.marketingedge.org/marketing-programs/collegiate-echo/challenge-history/dma-international-echo-showcase/winner-allstate Perreault, W. D., Cannon, J. P., & McCarthy, E. J. (2009). Basic Marketing. A marketing Product Life Cycle Stages and Limitations of Product Life Cycle (PLC) . (2014, Summer). Textile Learner, (1), 1. Retrieved from http//textilelearner.blogspot.com/2013/12/product-life-cycle-stages-and.html Strategy Planning Approach. (17th ed.). New York, NY McGraw-Hill Company

12 Angry Men: Leadership Essay

In the movie 12 Angry Men there were two primary examples of leadership. The first was in the beginning of the movie, when the hirer gets every i unitedly in the room and has them sit fell, assigning them each a material body. He then proceeds to go over the work on and rules they will proceed with, and tacks up the initial voting. After the initial voting, he has them go around in a circle integrity by sensation to discuss the reasons why they voted the mood they did. As the film progresses, the leadership shifts towards adult male issue forth 8, the one and only(a) who initially voted not guilty.He demonstrates behavioral leadership as he begins to give teaching and software docu man roletationing argu ments of why there could be credible doubt to accuse the boy of rack up, while staying calm and collected and involving the squad members input in the discussion. He begins standing up and persuasively presenting his arguments, winning the team over one by one. Role s The two men demonstrating leadership within the host were the two who most present task roles.The foreman performed task roles when he grade up the initial voting and numbering process, and how they would each present one at a time around the circle. adult male number 8 played the role of information seeker as he dug deeper into the alleged witness information, questioning the witness and setting up scenarios to demonstrate that the good word could puzzle been misleading. He proved over and over again that there was reasonable doubt to the testimony given, as present when he set up the molding of the hallway and walked it like the old man.He overly proved reasonable doubt when he brought up the fact that the woman who had allegedly seen the murder through the el-train had worn glasses, and that she most likely was not wearing glasses in hit the hay when she allegedly looked up and saw the murder occur through the window. in that location were many social roles performe d within the crowd as well. The foreman acted in the role of keeping everyone in line and in turn when things got a little out of hand.Men 3 and 10 were both confidence givers, stating strong preferences against the boy, saying things to the highest degree how boys who grow up in slums are born criminals. globe number 7 was a compromiser when he opted to change his vote to not guilty because he horizon it would get them out of the room quicker, as his only concern was getting to his baseball patch. Man number 8 played the role of convincer, as he went through each piece of evidence one by one and breaking down the evidence to prove that there could have been reasonable doubt to whether the boy was the murderer or not.He did this in several ways, such as the presentation of the hallway model and glasses theory discussed in the leadership section, as well as the testimony nearly the knife that was found, by pulling an analogous one out of his pocket and saying he purchased it cheaply two blocks from where the murder took place at a pawn shop. As far as boundary spanning roles, the only boundary spanning that occurred within this multitude was when man number 8 asked the man outside the room for the evidence of the knife that was employ and the model of the apartment that the old man lived in.There were many participation problems within this group as well. There was constant interruption of one an other(a) by just about every man in the room. This interrupted the rules that had been set of each man pickings a turn in circle presenting their opinions and the support for their opinions. The group did not foster a safe environment for each member to discuss their opinion either. Whenever one man would rise a question about the possibility of reasonable doubt or change their vote to not guilty there would be an uproar, mostly from men total 3 and 10.Perhaps another reason the group performed so execrablely was because there was no relational ripening within the group. They were there strictly to perform a task, leading to poor team cohesion and neediness of trust among one another. Men number 3 and 10 among others also demonstrated aggression, which led to a great deal of the unhealthy affair put forth within the group. By choosing aggression over cooperation, they put themselves at an automatic disadvantage within the group, as aggression led to a lack of credibility among those who demonstrated it. The group did not share a common goal, which also led to poor performance.Some team members had alternative motives, such as man number 3 who was showing aggression towards teen boys because of the poor experience he had with his own teenager and man number 7 who wanted to get in and out of the discussion as quickly as possible because he had baseball tickets for that night. The bigotry and score against teenage boys prevented men numbers 3 and 10 from being constructive team members and probably should have disqualified them fro m serving on that control board in the first place. This team dealt with participation problems within the group in a number of ways.One way was that they began sticking up for each other when one man would become aggressive towards another. The group moved away from man number 10 when he went on his rampage about young boys and how they are all criminals, prompting man number 4 to tell him to shut his mouth and not speak again. Decision Making The 12 angry men were forced into making a consensus decision because that was the only way they could present a verdict to the judge. They used nominal group technique because their decision making was solely task related and required no social relational development.They used a democratic voting system and kept re-voting until the vote was unanimous. They mostly used open voting where each member raised their hand but in one instance did use secret voting where they submitted their decisions via ballot. The consensus approach was not very in force(p) for this group at first given how far apart some group members were on their stances, but given the moroseness of their decision it was definitely the appropriate approach to use. Power & Influence Man number 8 demonstrated the most different types of power throughout the debate.He demonstrated informational power at first by providing information about discrepancies in some of the evidence and witness testimony in the case, such as when he brought out the knife he had purchased at a pawn shop near the wickedness scene for very cheap, demonstrating that it was possible that the knife found at the crime scene was not the one that had belonged to the boy accused of murder. He began to develop referent power as the movie progressed, as one by one he won over the group members until they were all backing him and supporting his case.The foreman began with legitimate power as he was the head of the group and assigned the men their numbers and set the rules for how the discu ssion would progress, but quickly lost that power as other men began to break the set rules and become unruly. Man number 5 demonstrated expert power when he showed the men how to in good order use a switch blade knife, proving that the shorter boy would not have been able to stab downwards into his taller father if he was holding the knife properly.Man number 6 demonstrated information power about how loud the passing el-trains were because he worked by one for a couple weeks. Therefore his information was able to discredit the old mans testimony about having heard the boy visit Im gonna kill you from the apartment. Man number 9 demonstrated information power about the woman who had supposedly seen the murder occur when he remembered she had been rubbing marks by her nose, meaning that she wore glasses.Man number 4 gave credibility to this theory and said that he did not wear glasses to bed and that nobody would, discrediting the womens claims to have looked up from bed and seen the murder occur through the windows of the passing el-train. Man number 6 demonstrated coercive power towards man number 3 when man number 3 endanger man number 9, telling man number 3 that if he threatened 9 again he would lay him out. Information power proved to be the most effective in this case because the information presented was really the only factor in changing the mens votes from guilty to not guilty.Conflict Task conflict occurred during the decision making process on whether the jury should continue debating the murder or deliver a hung jury verdict. Process conflict occurred when the foreman told man number 10 he could be the leader if he wanted when man number 10 questioned the leadership style of the foreman, to which man number 10 quickly backed down. Another example of process conflict was when man number 8 takes away the tic tac walk game from men numbers 12 and 3, scolding them for playing a game during a serious trial when they should not be taking things light ly.Relational conflict occurred most often during this movie, such as the conflict between men numbers 10 and 5 when man number 10 made a remark about slums and how he didnt want any part of those people. Man number 5, who had grown up in a slum, became offended and said maybe you can still smell the garbage on me. Relational conflict also occurred when the men dealt with the bigotry of man number 10 by turning their backs on him, and when man number 4 told him to shut his mouth and not speak again.The conflict styles of the jurors differed greatly also. Man number 12 displayed avoidance, particularly when he kept talking about his marketing firm and playing tic tac toe with man number 3. Men numbers 2 and 9 displayed accommodation at the beginning, when they were hesitant to raise their hands for the guilty verdict but seemed to do so because everyone else was.Man number 7 also displayed accommodation when he changed his vote to not guilty later in the movie because he thought it would help get the group out of there faster so he could make his aseball game on time. Men numbers 3 and 10 displayed mostly confrontational conflict style because in order to get their points across they would stand up from the table, yell and scream about their points, and get in the faces and disrespect others who disagreed with them. Man number 8 was the primary one to display collaboration, because he worked well with the other men and the evidence to come to conclusions about the various evidence and testimony presented in the case.Most of the conflicts in this case were not successfully resolved because of the yelling and bigotry that took place between many of the men. At times even the rather calm men who displayed collaboration such as men 2 and 9 began yelling at the others who had started the unhealthy conflict. The more than information that was provided and the more conclusions that the men came to about the evidence, the more healthy the conflict styles became save for those of men 3 and 10, who displayed unhealthy conflict styles until the very end of the movie.